In this study, solid particle erosion of the entire centrifugal pump for liquidsolid flow is investigated numerically. Particles are fed from a simple hopper under gravity into the groove. Time dependence of solidparticle impingement erosion of an. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. Experimental analysis of aluminum alloy under solid particle erosion process mohammad a chowdhury1, uttam k debnath1, dewan m nuruzzaman2 and md. A constant velocity of 50 ms was used for all the erosion tests.
Reducing solid particle erosion on steam turbine stages. Effects of particle size and size distribution on estimating erosion wear of cast iron in sandwater slurries t. Modeling and simulation of solid particle erosion of protective films. Stephenson, thermal spray and weld repair alloys for the repair of cavitation damage in turbines and pumps. Erosion corrosion is a degradation of material surface due to mechanical action, often by impinging liquid, abrasion by a slurry, particles suspended in fast flowing liquid or gas, bubbles or droplets, cavitation, etc. Solid particle erosion spe is the loss of material that results from repeated impact of solid particles energized in a carrier fluid. The average roughness ra in each specimen before testing was 1 m. Solid particle erosion can cause serious damage to equipment in many industrial environments such as to oil and gas pipelines and subsea components, steam. Astm g76 standard test method for conducting erosion. Unlike the solid particle erosion mechanism for ductile materials, there is wide acceptance of the erosion mechanism for brittle material.
Article information, pdf download for solid particle erosion of composite. The present investigation uses an erosion apparatus of sand blast type. The role of particle properties in the erosion of brittle materials. Experimental investigation and analytical modeling of. When a particle hits a brittle surface, it creates lateral and radial cracks.
Wiederhorn a11ttbddb nationalmeasurementlaboratory centerformaterialsscience nationalbureauofstandards january 1979. Solid particle erosion spe damage can be found on steam turbine stages. Erosion prediction in centrifugal pump is complex because the flow field inside it is threedimensional 3d unsteady and erosion can be affected by numerous factors. Solid particle erosion of fiber reinforced plastics sage journals. Based on the airflow and particle flow modeling and prediction, statistic results of particlewall impact and erosion status are given in figure 1. May 07, 2019 solid particle impingement test astm g76. Solid particle erosion behavior of volcanic ashpvc composites.
Effect of impacting particle kinetic energy on slurry. Simulating erosion using ansys computational fluid dynamics. Solid particle erosion behaviour of tin coating on aisi 4140. The samples had a rectangular shape with dimensions of 50 x 25 mm2 and 3 mm in thickness. Ramesh talreja among many useful properties of elastomers, one is their ability to absorb energy by deforming to large strains without fracturing.
The experimental setup used to perform the erosion tests is briefly described. Erosion is a leading cause of failure of oil and gas pipelines and fittings in fluid handling industries. Pdf effect of solid particle erosion on the aqueous. In this model, the target material and solid particles are discretized and mapped onto a square grid or lattice.
A procedure to predict solid particle erosion in elbows and. Effects of particle size and size distribution on estimating. High hardness, excellent wear and corrosion resistance enable them to significantly improve tool life. Effect of bend radius on magnitude and location of erosion. Monirul islam3 abstract the erosion behaviors of aluminum alloy have been evaluated practically at different test conditions under ambient temperature. This test method may be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for adtm solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments 1,2. Prakash, solid particle erosion of hvof sprayed nicr and stellite6 coatings, surface and coatings technology 202 2007 232238. Solid particle erosion of selected hvof sprayed coatings. Solid particle erosion1 friction, lubrication, and. General characteristics of solid particle erosion for composites are. The erosion of schist due to impinging quartz and glass particles is investigated. The relationship between these parameters is shown in eq. Solid particle erosion is a mechanical process that removes material by the impact of solid particles entrained in the flow.
Astm g21114 standard test method for conducting elevated. A combined cfdexperimental method for abrasive erosion. Standard test method for conducting erosion tests by solid particle impingement using gas jets. They concluded that the erosion rate for particle size greater than 100 1.
The treatment first proposes a new concept, an impact zone, and then considers the arrival of the particles on one zone as a queuing process. Room temperature solid particle erosion trials are carried out using a compressed air blasting type rig under impact angles of 30o, 60o and 90o. Solid particle erosion on different metallic materials intechopen. The solid particle erosion behavior of steel as a function of microstructure. They found th at the erosion rate decreases with decrease in particle size and impact velocity. Sem approach is an effective approach to probe the wear mechanism of the composites. Fem analysis of solid particle erosionwear of 45 steel. Oct 10, 2019 active view current version of standard. Solid particle erosion and erosioncorrosion of materials levy, alan on. Pdf solid particle erosion of fiber reinforced plastics. Near wall trajectories are extracted to explain prediction. A microscale dynamic model msdm was applied to simulate solid particle erosion.
Solid particle erosion of plasma sprayed ceramic coatings. Threshold fracture energy in solid particle erosion. Asm international, 1995 dlc 94073647 ocolc33093156. Modeling and simulation of solid particle erosion of. Astm g76 18 standard test method for conducting erosion. Jun 14, 2019 this test method may be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for adtm solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments 1,2. Experimental analysis of aluminum alloy under solid particle. Application of diffusion treatment against solid particle. Evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and models. On the other hand, diffusion treatment technology applied to get high resistance effect against solid particle erosion. The procedure can be used to estimate safe operating conditions and velocities in oil and gas production where sand is present. The article also details the various test methods used to measure impact velocity of particle and data analysis and interpretation of these four methods.
The az and cz were sprayed with the plasma technik pt2000 system, table 1. The mass flow rate is measured by conventional method. The application of cfd cfx is one of the four main packages available. An influence of factors of flow condition, particle and. Different approaches have been used to control or minimize damage caused by erosion in particulated gassolid or liquidsolid flows.
Solid particle erosion tests have been conducted on three different aluminabased refractories at elevated temperatures up to 1400 c, using sharp sic particles between 325 and 830 m in diameter. Philosophical magazine, 93 19, 24852496the effect of geometrical shape of eroding absolutely rigid particles on the threshold rate of failure has been studied. Solid particle erosion behaviour of tin coating on aisi. Application of diffusion treatment against solid particle erosion. In fact, in a few cases there can be a slight weight gain caused by deposition or embedment of.
These solid particles are caused by the exfoliation of iron oxides formed on the inner surfaces of both boiler tubes and steam pipes which are exposed to elevated temperature. A numerical investigation of solid particle erosion. Such dynamically changing eroded curvature effect needs to be incorporated for more accurate erosion calculation ansys fluent has developed erosionmdm connectivity to. Solid particle impingement erosion of uncoated composite materials of quartzpolyimide, glassepoxy and quartzpolybutadiene constructions and of three. This paper details devel opments based upon a commercial computational fluid dynamics cfd code, namely cfx. In case of longterm continuous operation, 1st stage nozzle may experience solid particle erosion due to scales from inlet steam piping. Solid particle erosion testing of helicopter rotor blade. Solid particle erosion, removal of material due to the impact of high speed solid particles, is one of the failure modes. This test method can be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated. Solid particle erosionwear behavior under different working conditions was simulated by fem. In this particular case, the eroded surface was completely covered with the erosion debris in the form of flakes or platelets. A semiempirical procedure has been developed for predicting erosion rates in pipe geometries, such as elbows and tees. Astm g standard test method for conducting erosion tests by solid particle.
Morphology and solid particle erosion wear behavior of red. The amount of material lost is computed using different erosion models. Ceramic materials eroded at an impingement angle of 90 exhibit a rough, chipped surface. In this particular case, the eroded surface was completely covered with the erosion debris in the form of flakes. Application of diffusion treatment against solid particle erosion reason for suggestion. Occurrence, prediction and control collects together the.
Computer simulation of solid particle erosion request pdf. First, the fluid flow in the facilities is modeled or in some way approximated. Jun 24, 2019 solid particle erosion can cause serious damage to equipment in many industrial environments such as to oil and gas pipelines and subsea components, steam. It has been suggested that in brittle material, erosion is due to crack formation srinivasan and scattergood, 1988, sundararajan, 1991, kleis and kulu, 2008. Erosion of schist due to solid particle impingement. Pdf evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and. Effect of near wall modeling approaches on solid particle. This figure shows the average erosion rate per impacted particle on the curved wall for each inlet velocity and particle diameter conditions. Numerical study of solid particle erosion in a centrifugal. Serious damage may occur to concrete hydraulic structures, such as water galleries, spillways, and stilling basins, due to the abrasive erosion caused by the presence of. Solid particle erosion how is solid particle erosion. Modeling and numerical analysis of the solid particle.
Experimental measurement of accelerated erosion in a slurry pot tester. It is demonstrated that stellite alloys are more resistant to erosion at 90 degree. In this work room temperature solid particle erosion test is carried out at three different impact angles 30. The erosion of a surface by a stream of solid particles is examined by considering the arrival times of the particles on the surface. The abrasive particle used was silicon carbide sic of an.
In relation to research on solid particle erosion on pvd nitride coatings, several researchers have conducted experimental works. The particle tracing for fluid flow interface is used to compute the erosion of a pipe bend. This test method may be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments 1, 2. This test method may be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments 1,2. Solid particle erosion of fiber reinforced plastics article pdf available in journal of composite materials 271. Effect of impacting particle kinetic energy on slurry erosion wear journal of bio and tribocorrosion, oct 2015 pankaj p. The sem features of the worn surfaces of be and ge. Dec 30, 2011 solid particle erosion sand erosive failure coatings reprinted with permission from enabling sustainable systems, proceedings for the mfpt. Sem micrograph showing the morphology of the blocky alumina erodent particles.
The power exponent for particle velocity effects is 2. Erosion definition the loss of material that results from repeated impacts of small, solid particles. Solid particle erosion of basalt fiber and glass fiberepoxy composite 33 the worn surface features of the composites were examined using a scanning electron microscope sem. Solid particle erosion on different metallic materials 65 ground using sic emery paper grade 1200. Evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and models for.
They can damage both fixed and moving blades, as well as both outer extension ring and tip seals. Evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and models for oil and gas industry applications. Removal of solid surface material due to erosion creates localized cavities which affect the flow field, particle tracking and hence the erosion. Solid particle erosive wear testing mechanical testing and. Studies of erosive wear by solid particle impingement involve the measurement of several significant experimental parameters, such as particle velocity, particle. The process of spherical particle impacting 45 steel from different. Oct 06, 2019 solid particle erosion can cause serious damage to equipment in many industrial environments such as to oil and gas pipelines and subsea components, steam. Solid particle erosion test at high temperature astm g 76. Solid particle erosion behavior of volcanic ashpvc. Nbs publications nbsir781575 erosionbysolidparticle impact a. Solid particle erosion behavior of polymers and their composites. The impact speed is 50ms and the impact angle is varied between 30 and 90.
Effect of liquid and gas velocities on magnitude and. Wiederhorn a11ttbddb nationalmeasurementlaboratory centerformaterialsscience nationalbureauofstandards january 1979 interimreport4c 100,u56 781575 c. This test method can be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments. This practice may be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments 1, 2. An analysis of solid particle erosion mechanisms iopscience. Solid particle erosion spe generally refers to erosion and wear on a material surface caused by.
Solid particle erosion1 friction, lubrication, and wear. Solid particle erosion an overview sciencedirect topics. Effect of solid particle erosion on the aqueous corrosion behaviour of a ti6al4v sheet special issue article pdf available march 2017 with 334 reads how we measure reads. The most important aspects considered thus far have been the effects of particle size and shape, abrasive charge, impingement. Solid particle erosion sand erosive failure coatings reprinted with permission from enabling sustainable systems, proceedings for the mfpt. Time dependence of solidparticle impingement erosion of. Pdf studying the parameters of the solid particle erosion and. Fundamentals of fluid motion in erosion by solid particle impact, international journal of heat and fluid flow, vol. Solid particle erosion on different metallic materials. Among the various factors, particle size and velocity have been considered to be the most important parameters that cause erosion. Testing on ferrous and nonferrous materials has been widely carried out to study their erosion resistance. Solid particle erosion water droplet erosion slurry erosion loss of a material exposed to a.
The applied systems health management conference 2011, society for machinery failure prevention technology, 2011, pp. Solid particle erosion is a dynamic process which causes material removal from a target surface due to impingement of fast moving solid particles. Threshold fracture energy in solid particle erosion core. Evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and models for oil and gas industry applications conference paper pdf available january 2015 with 2,514 reads how we measure reads. This flow prediction is then used to derive the drag forces imparted by the fluid on the particles sands. Velocity of impact is measured using double disc methods. Solid particle impact erosion of aluminabased refractories. The erosion process is characterized by two failure modes, namely intercrystalline fracture and lateral cracking. Normally, the sand erosion models consider the erosion process into three stages. Solid particle erosion is a micromechanical process that is influenced by flow geometry, material of the impacting surface, impact angle, particle size and shape, particle velocity, flow condition and fluid properties. Solid particle erosion and erosioncorrosion of materials. The at3 parts were produced by water stabilized plasma, using a wsp pal 160 system institute of plasma physics czech republic. A threedimensional finite element model of erosionwear of solid particle was established, and johnsoncook material model and failure criterion were adopted to define the mechanical property of sample material. Pdf study of solid particle erosion on helicopter rotor.
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